Canada is the second-largest country in the world by total area, covering approximately 9.98 million square kilometres (3.85 million square miles). It spans six time zones and stretches from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic. Canada's population is, however, relatively small—around 40 million people as of 2025. That gives it one of the lowest population densities in the world: about 4 people per square kilometre.